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የድያስፖራ ባንክ ሊከፈት ነው

አቶ ጋሻው የትዋለ ከአስመራ ዩኒቨርሲቲ በኢኮኖሚክስ የመጀመሪያ ዲግሪያቸውን ሲያገኙ፣ ኔዘርላንድስ ከሚገኘው ማስትሪች ስኩል ኦፍ ማኔጅመንት በፕሮጀክት አፕሬዛል፣ እንዲሁም ማኔጅመንት ዲፕሎማ፣ አውስትራሊያ ከሚገኘው የካንቤራ ዩኒቨርሲቲ በዓለም አቀፍ የታክስ አስተዳደር የማስተርስ ዲግሪ አግኝተዋል፡፡ በማክሮ ኢኮኖሚ ፖሊሲዎች፣ በኮርፖሬት ቢዝነስ ስትራቴጂ፣ በፕሮጀክት ፕላኒንግና ማኔጅመንት በርካታ ሥልጠናዎች ተከታትለዋል፡፡ በኢንግሊዝ፣ በኔዘርላንድስና በቤልጂየም፣ እንዲሁም በአፍሪካ በኡጋንዳ፣ በደቡብ አፍሪካ፣ በኬንያና በታንዛኒያ የተከታተሏቸው የአጭርና የመካከለኛ ጊዜ የአቅም ግንባታ ሥልጠናዎችን መውሰዳቸውን ይናገራሉ፡፡ የማክሮ ኢኮኖሚ ፖሊሲዎችንና ኮርፖሬት ቢዝነስ ስትራቴጂዎችን በዋናነት የንግድ፣ የታክስ፣ የፋይናንስ፣ የኢንዱስትሪና የኢንቨስትመንት ጉዳዮች ላይ የዳበረ ልምድ አላቸው፡፡ በኢትዮጵያ ገቢዎችና ጉምሩክ ባለሥልጣን ክልሎችን በመወከል፣ ከዓለም ባንክና ከዓለም የገንዘብ ድርጅት የጥናትና የባለሙያዎች ቡድን ጋር በቅርበት በመሥራት፣ የአገሪቱን የታክስና የፋይናንስ ጉዳዮች ከአገሪቱ የኢኮኖሚ ዕድገትና ልማት አንፃር በማጥናትና በመገምገም የፖሊሲ ሐሳቦችንና ስትራቴጂዎች ላይ የዳበረ ልምድ አላቸው፡፡ የኢትዮጵያን የሽያጭ መመዝገቢያ መሣሪያ ፕሮጀክት በማዘጋጀትና ፕሮግራሙን በመምራት፣ እንዲሁም እንዲተገበር በማስተባበር ተሳትፈዋል፡፡ በአጠቃላይ ከ27 ዓመታት በላይ የማክሮ ኢኮኖሚ ፖሊሲዎችንና ኮርፖሬት ስትራቴጂዎችን ከማመንጨት ልምዳቸው በመነሳት፣ የኢትዮጵያ የዳያስፖራ ባንክ አክሲዮን ማኅበርን ከሐሳብ ጀምሮ አሁን እስከሚገኝበት ደረጃ ድረስ በአደራጅነትና በመሥራችነት የሚሳተፉት አቶ ጋሻው፣ የሚመሠረተው የዳያስፖራ ባንክ ዓላማዎቹንና የወደፊት እንቅስቃሴዎቹን በተመለከተ ብርሃኑ ፈቃደ አነጋግሯቸው የሚከተለውን አጠናቅሯል፡፡

ሪፖርተር– የኢትዮጵያ የዳያስፖራ ባንክ ማቋቋም ለምን አስፈለገ?

አቶ ጋሻው– ከማክሮ ኢኮኖሚ የዕድገትና ልማት ፖሊሲዎችና ስትራቴጂዎች አንፃር ፈጣን፣ ዘላቂነትና ቀጣይነት ያለው የኢኮኖሚ ዕድገትና ልማት በማምጣት የአገሪቱን የመካከለኛ ገቢ ራዕይ እ.ኤ.አ. በ2025 ዕውን ለማድረግ ሲታሰብ፣ በአንድ በኩል የአገሪቱ ማክሮ ኢኮኖሚ እየጨመረ መምጣቱ በሌላ በኩል ከፍተኛ የውጭ ምንዛሪ እጥረት መኖሩ፣ የኢትዮጵያ ዳያስፖራ ባንክን ለማቋቋም እንደ ዋና ገፊ ምክንያት ተደርጎ ተወስዷል፡፡ በመንግሥት አገር በቀል የኢኮኖሚ ማሻሻያም የማክሮ ኢኮኖሚው ቁልፍ ችግር የውጭ ምንዛሪ እጥረት መሆኑ በጥናት ተረጋግጧል፡፡ የማክሮ ኢኮኖሚ አመልካቾችን በተመለከተ የፊስካል ፖሊሲውና የሞኒተሪ ፖሊሲው መስተጋብር የተጣጣመ አለመሆን ዋናው ቁልፍ ችግር ሲሆን፣ በዚህ ረገድ በተለይ የወለድ ምጣኔ፣ የዋጋ ግሽበት ምጣኔ፣ የቁጠባ ምጣኔ፣ የታክስ ምጣኔ፣ የኢንቨስትመንት ምጣኔ፣ የጉልበትና የገበያ ዋጋ ምጣኔና የጥቁር ገበያ ምጣኔ፣ የተጣጣመና የተመጣጣነ አለመሆን ነው፡፡ በአጠቃላይ የምርት ፍላጎትና አቅርቦት፣ የገንዘብ አቅርቦትና ፍላጎት፣ የውጭ ምንዛሪ አቅርቦትና ፍላጎት የተጣጣመና የተመጣጣነ አለመሆን የማክሮ ኢኮኖሚው ቁልፍ ችግር ነው፡፡ በመሆኑም የአገሪቱን የኢኮኖሚ ምኅዳርና የውጭ ምንዛሪ ቋት ለማስፋት የኢትዮጵያ ዳያስፖራ ባንክ አክሲዮን ማኅበርን ማቋቋም አስፈልጓል፡፡

በሌላ በኩል አንዱ ቁልፍ ችግር የድህነት ጉዳይ ሲሆን፣ በዚህ ረገድ ዝቅተኛ ገቢ ዝቅተኛ ቁጠባ፣ ዝቅተኛ ቁጠባ ዝቅተኛ ኢንቨስትመንት፣ ዝቅተኛ ኢንቨስትመንት ዝቅተኛ ገቢ የሆነውን የድህነት አዙሪት አከርካሪውን ለመስበር መሠረተ ሰፊ የሆኑ አዋጭ የኢኮኖሚ ዘርፎችን ፋይናንስ በማድረግ የውጭ ምንዛሪ ክምችትን ለመጨመር፣ የኢትዮጵያ ዳያስፖራ ባንክ አክሲዮን ማኅበርን ለማቋቋም አስፈልጓል፡፡ ጥናቶች እንደሚያመለክቱት የዓለም ኢኮኖሚ ከግብርና መር ወደ ኢንዱስትሪ መር፣ ከኢንዱስትሪ መር ወደ አገልግሎት ዘርፍ መር፣ አገልግሎት ዘርፍ መር ወደ ቴክኖሎጂ ዘርፍ መር፣ ከቴክኖሎጂ ዘርፍ መር ወደ ዲጂታል ኢኮኖሚ መር በፍጥነት በመሸጋገር ሒደት ላይ ይገኛል፡፡ በመሆኑም በአሁኑ ወቅት አገሪቱ የጀመረችውን ፖለቲካዊ፣ ኢኮኖሚያዊና ማኅበራዊ የለውጥ ጉዞ ወደፊት ማራመድ ያስፈልጋል፡፡ በተለይ የብልፅግና ጉዞን ወደፊት ለማራምድና የኢትዮጵያን የኢኮኖሚ አብዮት በማቀጣጠል ሁሉን አቀፍ የኢኮኖሚ ሽግግር በፍጥነት ለማምጣት የትውልደ ኢትዮጵያውያውን ዳያስፖራዎች የልማት ተሳትፎ በባንኩ ምሥረታ ጉልህ ሚና የሚጫወት መሆኑ ከዓለም አቀፍና አኅጉር አቀፍ ተለዋዋጭ የኢኮኖሚ ሁኔታ አንፃር፣ በተለይም ኢትዮጵያ በአሁኑ ወቅት የዓለም የንግድ ድርጅት አባል ለመሆን በሒደት ላይ የምትገኝ ስለሆነ ሰጥቶ በመቀበል መርህ የማክሮ ኢኮኖሚ የፋይናንስ ዘርፉን ደረጃ በደረጃ ለነፃ ገበያው በሯን ክፍት በማድረግ፣ ተጠቃሚነቷን ሙሉ በሙሉ ለማረጋገጥ ባንኩን ማቋቋም አስፈላጊ ሆኖ በመገኘቱ ነው፡፡

ለባንክ ኢንዱስትሪያችን የቴክኖሎጂ ፍላጎት በ21ኛው ክፍለ ዘመን ዓለም የደረሰችበትን ከፍተኛ የባንክ ኢንዱስትሪ የቴክኖሎጂ ደረጃ በመተግበር የደንበኞችን እርካታ ማሳደግ አስፈላጊ ሆኖ በመገኘቱ ነው፡፡ የባንክ ኢንዱስትሪውን የፈጠራና የሙያ ብቃት ጥራት ፍላጎት፣ የባንክ ኢንዱስትሪው ዓለም አቀፍ ደረጃውን የጠበቀ የሙያ ብቃትና ጥራት የሚፈልግ ከመሆኑ አንፃር ዓለም አቀፍ ደረጃቸውን በጠበቁ ቅን ታማኝና ተጠያቂ አመራሮችና ባለሙያዎች በማደራጀትና በማሰማራት፣ አዲስ ባንክ ማቋቋም አስፈላጊ ሆኖ በመገኘቱ ነው፡፡ ስፔሻላይዜሽንና ዳይቨርሲፊኬሽን (ብዝኃነት) በማስፈለጉ ከከፍተኛና መሠረተ ሰፊ በሆኑ ውስን የኢኮኖሚ ዘርፎች ላይ የተመሠረተ ሁሉን አቀፍ ባንክ ማቋቋም በማስፈለጉ ነው፡፡ ከፍተኛ የውጭ ምንዘሪ ፍላጎት ያላቸውን ግዙፍ የኢኮኖሚ ዘርፎች ፋይናንስ ማድረግ በማስፈለጉ፣ በዚህ ረገድ ግዙፍና መሠረተ ሰፊ የሆኑ ኢንዱስትሪዎችን ማለትም የህዋ ሳይንስ ቴክኖሎጂ፣ የሳይበር ቴክኖሎጂ፣ የአቪዬሽን ኢንዱስትሪ፣ የሕክምና ኢንዱስትሪ፣ የኃይል ኢንዱስትሪ፣ የፊልም ኢንዱስትሪ፣ የግብርና ኢንዱስትሪና የምሥራቅ አፍሪካ የመሠረተ ልማትን ፋይናንስ ለማድረግ ነው፡፡

ሪፖርተር– የኢትዮጵያ ዳያስፖራ ባንክ ከሌላው መደበኛ ባንክ በምን ይለያል?

አቶ ጋሻው የኢትዮጵያ ዳያስፖራ ባንክ ከስያሜው ጀምሮ ዳያስፖራውን የሚመለከት ሲሆን፣ ከ70 በመቶ በላይ ዳያስፖራው ላይ አተኩሮ የሚሠራ ይሆናል፡፡ ባንኩ ለዳያስፖራው የአገሩ የኢኮኖሚ ልማት ዓርማ ወይም ምልክት በመሆን፣ ዳያስፖራው በአገሩ ዕድገትና ልማት ከፍተኛ ተሳትፎ በማድረግ አገሪቱ ከድህነት ቀለበት ለመውጣት የምታደረገውን እልህ አስጨራሽ መራራ ትግል አከርካሪውን ለመስበር በሚደረገው ጉዞ ዘመን ተሸጋሪ አስተዋፅኦ ይኖረዋል፡፡ ጥናቶች ኢንደሚያመለክቱት አገሮች እንደ ራሳቸው የመንግሥት አወቃቀርና የኢኮኖሚ ፖሊሲ ኢኮኖሚያቸውን ጥቃቅን፣ አነስተኛ፣ መካከለኛና ከፍተኛ በማለት ይከፋፍላሉ፡፡ በዚህ ረገድ የኢትዮጵያ ዳያስፖራ ባንክን ለመመሥረት አራት አማራጮች ቀርበዋል፡፡ የመጀመሪያው አማራጭ ከጥቃቅን ጀምሮ ሁሉንም የኢኮኖሚ ዘርፎች ማካተት፣ ሁለተኛው አማራጭ መካከለኛውን የኢኮኖሚ ዘርፍ ማካትት፣ ሦስተኛው አማራጭ ከፍተኛውን የኢኮኖሚ ዘርፍ መሠረት ማድረግና አራተኛው አማራጭ የመካከለኛውንና የከፍተኛውን የኢኮኖሚ ዘርፍ ውህድ በመውሰድ ማደራጀት የሚል ነው፡፡

በዚህ ረገድ በተካሄደው ጠቋሚ ጥናት መሠረት የኢትዮጵያ ዳያስፖራ ባንክ መካከለኛውንና ከፍተኛውን አወቃቀር የሚመለከት ይሆናል፡፡ በኢኮኖሚው ዑደት ውስጥም መካከለኛና ከፍተኛ ገቢ ያላቸውን የኢኮኖሚ ተዋንያን የሚመለከት ይሆናል፡፡ ባንኩን ትርፋማ የሚያደርጉና አዋጭ ሜጋ መሠረተ ሰፊ የኢኮኖሚ ዘርፎች ላይ አተኩሮ የሚሠራ በመሆኑ፣ በኢኮኖሚ ትስስር ሒደት ዝቅተኛውን የኅብረተሰብ ክፍልን ጨምሮ ሁሉንም የኅብረተሰብ ክፍል ተጠቃሚ የሚያደርግ ይሆናል፡፡ የተፈቀደ ካፒታል ስድስት ቢሊዮን ብር ሲሆን፣ የተመዘገበ ካፒታል አራት ቢሊዮን ብር ይሆናል፡፡ ዝቅተኛው የአክሲዮን ሽያጭ መጠን ብር 200 ሺሕ ብር መሆኑ፣ ከአሁን በፊት አክሲዮን ይሸጡ ከነበሩት ባንኮች ሁሉ የተለየ ያደርገዋል፡፡ ‹ከስፔሻላይዜሽን፣ ከዳይቨርስፊኬሽን፣ ከሴግመንቴሽን፣ ከምርምር፣ ከቴክኖሎጂና ከሙያ ብቃት› አንፃር ባንኩ የተለያዩ አሠራሮችን ይዞ ይቀርባል፡፡ ከዚህ አኳያ ከሕግ ማዕቀፍ አንፃርም የኢትዮጵያ ዳያስፖራ ባንክ በአዋጅ ቁጥር 1159/2011 እና አፈጻጸም መመርያ ቁጥር ssb /73/2020 የውጭ ዜግነት ባላቸው ትውልደ ኢትዮጵያውያንና ሙሉ በሙሉ ኢትዮጵያውያን በሆኑ ባለሀብቶች፣ የውጭ ዜግነት ባላቸው ትውልደ ኢትዮጵውያንና ሙሉ በሙሉ ኢትዮጵያውያን ባለሀብቶች የተያዙ የሕግ ሰውነት ባላቸው ኩባንያዎች ይመሠረታል፡፡

ሪፖርተር– ከዳያስፖራው ሊሰበሰብ ከታሰበው ካፒታል በተጨማሪ ዳያስፖራው በምን መንገድ ሊሳተፍ ይችላል?

አቶ ጋሻው ባንኩ ዓለም የደረሰችበትን ከፍተኛ የባንክ ኢንዱስትሪ ቴክኖሎጂ የሚተገብር ከመሆኑ ጋር ተያይዞ፣ ዳያስፖራው የባንክ ቴክኖሎጂ የልቀት ማዕከል እንዲሆን ቅድሚያ ዕድሉ ይሰጠዋል፡፡ እንደሚታወቀው አብዛኞቹ በሥራ ላይ ያሉ ባንኮች ቴክኖሎጂ የሚገዙት ከህንድና ከቻይና ከመሳሰሉት አገሮች በመሆኑ፣ ወደፊት በምሥረታ ሒደት ላይ ላሉ ባንኮችም ጭምር የቴክኖሎጂ ምንጭ በመሆን የውጭ ምንዛሪ ከማስቀረቱም በላይ፣ ኩባንያ በመፍጠር ሰፊ ተሳትፎ እንዲኖረው ይበረታታል፡፡  በሌላ በኩል የባንክ ኢንዱስትሪው ዘርፍ ደረጃውን የጠበቀ የሙያ ጥራትና ብቃት የሚያስፈልገው በመሆኑ፣ ዳያስፖራው ባንኩን በማማከር እንዳስፈላጊነቱ የአገሪቱ ሕግ በሚፈቅደው መሠረት ተቀጣሪ በመሆንና ኩባንያ በመፍጠር የአጭር፣ የመካከለኛና የረዥም ጊዜ ሥልጠና በመስጠት የዘርፉ የልዕቀት ማዕከል እንዲሆን ይበረታታል፡፡

ሪፖርተር– ሊመሠረት የታሰበው ባንክ የተፈቀደ ወይም የታቀደ ካፒታል ስድስት ቢሊዮን ብር ነው፡፡ ዳያስፖራው ይህን ያህል ገንዘብ ሊያዋጣ እንደሚችል ምን መተማመኛ አለ?

አቶ ጋሻው ባካሄድነው ጠቋሚ ጥናት ከሦስት ሚሊዮን በላይ ዳያስፖራዎች በውጭ እንደሚኖሩ ሲታሰብ፣ ከስድስት ቢሊዮን ዶላር በላይ ወደ አገራቸው በዓመት እየላኩ በመሆናቸው፣ ይህ አቅም ባንኩን ለማቋቋም ታሳቢ ተደርጓል፡፡ በዚህ ረገድ በተለይ ባንኩ ቁጥራቸው ከአንድ በመቶ በታች በሆኑ መካከለኛና ከፍተኛ ገቢ ባላቸው ባለሀብቶች ላይ አተኩሮ ይሠራል፡፡ በሌላ በኩል የኢትዮጵያ ኢኮኖሚ ዕድገት በዓለም ባንክና በዓለም የገንዘብ ድርጅት (አይኤምኤፍ) ትንበያ መሠረት፣ እ.ኤ.አ. በ2020 ከስድስት በመቶ በላይ እንደሚሆን ስለተነበየና በምሥራቅና በመካለኛው አፍሪካ የኢትዮጵያ ኢኮኖሚ ግዙፍ እንደሆነ በመረጋገጡ፣ የአገር ውስጥ መካከለኛና ከፍተኛ ገቢ ያላቸው ባለሀብቶች ሰፊ ተሳትፎ እንደሚኖራቸው ባደረግነው ቅድመ ጥናት በመረጋገጡ፣ ከአክሲዮን ሽያጭ አንፃር የተጠቀሰውን ካፒታል ለማሳካት ዝቅተኛ የአክሲዮን ብዛት አሥር ወይም 200 ሺሕ ብር ሲሆን፣ 60 በመቶ በቅድሚያ የሚከፈልና ቀሪው በሁለት ጊዜ ክፍያ የሚፈጸም በመሆኑ፣ በውጭ ምንዛሪም ክፍያው አዋጭ መሆኑ የጥናት ታሳቢዎች ያመለክታሉ፡፡

ሪፖርተር– ከዚህ ቀደም መንግሥት ባሻው ጊዜ ሕግ ሲያወጣና ሲቀይር በዳያስፖራው ላይ በርካታ ችግሮች ተፈጥረዋል፡፡ ወደፊትስ እንዲህ ያለው ነገር ላለመምጣቱ ምን ዓይነት ዋስትና ይኖራል?

አቶ ጋሻው ከለውጡ ቀደም ብሎ በነበረው ሥርዓት ዳያስፖራው አክሲዮን እንዳይገዛ መደረጉ፣ የገዛውንም እንዲሸጥ መገደዱ ምንም ዓይነት የኢኮኖሚ ገፊ ምክንያት የለም፡፡ የዓለም ተሞክሮም ይህንን አያሳይም፡፡ ይሁን እንጂ ከለውጡ በኋላ መንግሥት ጉዳዩን በመገንዘብ ዳያስፖራው ባንክ እንዲያቋቁም፣ ማክሮ ፋይናንስ እንዲያቋቁም፣ የመድን ድርጅት እንዲያቋቁም መፍቀዱ እንደ በጎ ጅምር ሊወሰድ ይችላል፡፡ በእኔ እምነት ከሁሉም በላይ ለዳያስፖራው ትልቁ ዋስትና የአገሩ ጉዳይ በመሆኑ፣ የተፈጠረውን መልካም አጋጣሚ በመጠቀም ከፍተኛ የኢንቨስትመንት ተሳትፎ ማድረግ ይጠበቅበታል፡፡ መንግሥት የጀመረውን የማክሮ ኢኮኖሚ ማሻሻያ በተለይ በባንክ ኢንዱስትሪው ዘርፍ ማሻሻያ አጠናክሮ ኢንደሚቀጥል የሚጠበቅ ሲሆን፣ ዳያስፖራውን ለማገዝ የሚያስችል የዳያስፖራ ኤጀንሲ አቋቁሟል፡፡ በሠለጠነው ዓለም የሚኖረው ዳያስፖራም በማኅበሩ በኩል በመደራጀት የኢኮኖሚ ፍትሐዊነትና ነፃነት እንዲኖር የበኩሉን አስተዋፅኦ ማድረግ ወቅቱ የሚጠይቀው ቁጥር አንድ አጀንዳ ነው፡፡

ሪፖርተር– ዳያስፖራው 70 በመቶ በላይ ባለድርሻ በሚሆንበት በዚህ ባንክ በዶላር አክሲዮን ገዝቶ የትርፍ ድርሻ ክፍያ የሚያገኘው ግን በብር መሆኑ፣ ምን ያህል ተቀባይነት ይኖረዋል?

አቶ ጋሻው ከባንኩ ራዕይ፣ ተልዕኮና ዓላማ አንፃር የሚመሠረተው የኢትዮጵያ ዳያስፖራ ባንክ ዳያስፖራውን የአገሩ የኢኮኖሚ ልማት ዓርማና ምልክት እንዲሆን ያደርገዋል፡፡ በዋናነት ዳያስፖራው በአገሩ የኢኮኖሚ ዕድገትና ልማት ላይ ከፍተኛ ድርሻ እንዲኖረው፣ በትልልቅ የኢኮኖሚ ዘርፎች ከኢትዮጵያዊያን ባለሀብቶች ጋር በመቀናጀት እንዲሠራና ቀጥተኛ የኢንቨስትመንት ተሳታፊ እንዲሆን ለማድረግ ያግዘዋል፡፡ ለዚህ ነው ባንኩ መካከለኛና ከፍተኛ ገቢ ባላቸው ባለሀብቶች ላይ ያተኮረው፡፡ ይሁን እንጂ ከኢኮኖሚ ፍትሐዊነትና አሁን ካለው የጥቁር ገበያ ችግር አንፃር ውስንነቶች እንደሚኖሩ፣ ከተለያዩ ክፍለ ዓለማት ከሚኖሩ ኢትዮጵያውያን የተወሰደ ጠቋሚ መረጃ አመልክቷል፡፡ በዚህ ረገድ አዋጅ መውጣቱና ዳያስፖራውን የባንክ ባለቤት ማድረጉ ትልቅ ጅምርና የለውጡ አካል ተደርጎ መወሰድ እንዳለበት እናምናለን፡፡ የኢትዮጵያ መንግሥትም የባንክ ኢንዱስትሪውን ዘርፍ ለማዘመን ዓለም አቀፍ ደረጃውን የጠበቀ የማክሮ ኢኮኖሚ፣ በዋናነት የሞኒተሪ ፖሊሲ ማሻሻያ እንደሚያደርግ ይጠበቃል፡፡

ሪፖርተር– የባንክ አገልግሎቱ በመካከለኛና በከፍተኛ የኢኮኖሚ አውታሮች ላይ ያተኩራል ሲባል፣ ዳያስፖራው በተጨባጭ የሚያገኘው አገልግሎት ምንድነው?

አቶ ጋሻው፡- ከሁሉም በላይ የባንኩ ዓላማ ዳያስፖራውን በራሱ ስም የሚጠራ የባንክ ባለቤት እንዲሆን ማስቻል ሲሆን፣ ዳያስፖራው በሒደት መሠረተ ሰፊና ከፍተኛ በሆኑ የኢንዱስትሪ ዘርፎች በአነስተኛ የወለድ ምጣኔ ኢንቨስት እንዲያደርግ ቅድሚያ ይሰጠዋል፡፡ በዚህ ረገድ የሚሰበሰበውን 70 በመቶ የውጭ ምንዛሪ ባንኩ እንዲጠቀምበት በሕግ የተፈቀደ በመሆኑ፣ ትርፋማ በሆኑ የኢኮኖሚ ዘርፎች እንዲሰማራ ቅድሚያ ይሰጠዋል፡፡

ሪፖርተር– በባንክ ኢንዱስትሪው ውስጥ በዚህ መንገድ መንቀሳቀስ የልማት ባንክ ባህሪ የሚያላብሰው ስለሚሆን፣ ከዚህ አኳያ የሚሰጣቸውን ብድሮች በምን ያህል ጊዜ ውስጥ ተመላሽ ያደርጋል?

አቶ ጋሻው ባንኩ ከብሔራዊ ባንክ በተሰጠው ቅድመ ዕውቅና መሠረት የአክሲዮን ሽያጭ ከማስኬድ ጎን ለጎን፣ የዓለም አቀፍ የባንክ ኢንዱስትሪ አማካሪዎችን በመቅጠር ዝርዝር የአዋጭነት ጥናት በማስጠናት በሚያዘጋጀው የኮርፖሬት ፖሊሲና ስትራቴጂ በኩል የሚመለስ ሲሆን፣ ቀደም ሲል በተካሄደው ጠቋሚ ጥናት ግን ባንኩ እንደ ኢኮኖሚ ዘርፎች የአወቃቀር ባህሪይ፣ እንደ አገሪቱ የኢኮኖሚ ዕድገትና የልማት ደረጃ፣ እንዲሁም ባንኩ እንደሚሰበስበው የካፒታል መጠን የአጭር፣ የመካከለኛና የረዥም ጊዜ ብደር ይሰጣል ተብሎ ይገመታል፡፡

ሪፖርተር– የባንኩ ደንበኞች ወይም ተበዳሪዎች የትኞቹ የኅብረተሰብ ክፍሎች ናቸው?

አቶ ጋሻው ቀደም ብሎ በተጠናው ጠቋሚ ጥናት መሠረት በኢትዮጵያ ኢኮኖሚ አራት አማራጮች ለይተን ለማየት ሞክረናል፡፡ በዚህ ረገድ የመጀመሪያው አማራጭ አነስተኛና ጥቃቅን ዘርፉ የሚገኝበት ዘርፍ ነው፡፡ ሁለተኛው አማራጭ መካለከኛው ሲሆን፣ ሦስተኛው ከፍተኛውና ትልልቅ የኢኮኖሚ አውታሮች የሚሳተፉበት ነው፡፡ አራተኛው አማራጭ ግን የመካከለኛውና የከፍተኛው ውህድ ነው፡፡ ይህንን ውህድ በመውሰድ መንቀሳቀስ ለባንኩ የተለየ የእንቅስቃሴ ዘርፍ ሆኖ በመመረጡ፣ ይኼኛው አማራጭ የተሻለ እንደሚሆን በጥናቱ ተመልክቷል፡፡ በመሆኑም ከኢኮኖሚው አወቃቀርና ክፍፍል፣ እንዲሁም ከተነሳንበት የስፔሻላይዜሽን መርህ አንፃር ባንኩ በአብዛኛው መካከለኛውንና ከፍተኛውን ባለሀብት ይመለከታል፡፡ ይሁን እንጂ በአማራጭ ሞዴሉ መሠረት በገበያ ፍላጎትና አቅርቦት ለሁሉም የኅብረተሰብ ክፍሎች የሚሠራ ባንክ ይሆናል፡፡

ሪፖርተር– በሕዝብ መዋጮ አክሲዮን ያሰባሰበ ባንክ አገልግሎቱ በመካከለኛና በትልልቅ ኩባንያዎችና ባለሀብቶች ላይ ብቻ ያተኩራል ማለት ይችላል?

አቶ ጋሻው በመርህ ደረጃ ባንኩ በአገር አቀፍ ደረጃ የኢኮኖሚ ነፃነትና እኩል ተጠቃሚነት፣ በዋናነት የግሉ ዘርፍ በኢኮኖሚው ውስጥ የሚኖረው ድርሻና ተሳትፎ ከፍተኛ እንዲሆን፣ የመወዳደሪያ ሜዳውም እኩል እኩል መሆን እንዳለበት ያምናል፡፡ በመሆኑም ባንኩ ከተነሳበት ራዕይ፣ ተልዕኮና ዓላማ አንፃር አገልግሎቱን ለነፃ ገበያ ክፍት በማድረግ በገበያ ተዋንያን የሚሰጠው አገልግሎትም ባስቀመጠው ሞዴል በአቅርቦትና በፍላጎት ላይ ይሠራል፡፡ ነገር ግን ከስፔሻላይዜሽን አኳያ በተመረጡ ዘርፎች የሚሠራ ሲሆን፣ በሩ ለሁሉም ኢትዮጵያዊያን ክፍት ነው፡፡ ከኢኮኖሚ ትስስር አንፃር መሠረተ ሰፊ በሆኑ አዋጭ የኢኮኖሚ ዘርፎች በማተኮር የሥራ ዕድል በመፍጠርና የታክስ ገቢ በማመንጨት፣ በኢኮኖሚ የትስስር ሒደት ዝቅተኛው የኅብረተሰብ ክፍል ተጠቃሚ እንዲሆን ጥረት ይደረጋል፡፡

ሪፖርተር– ባንኩ በምን ያህል ጊዜ ውስጥ ሊመሠረት ይችላል?

አቶ ጋሻው በታቀደው የካፒታል መጠን ወይም ሊመዘገብ በታቀደው የአክሲዮን ዋጋ ሽያጭ ፍጥነት ሒደት የሚወሰን ቢሆንም፣ በፕሮጀክት ዕቅዱ ሁለት ዓመት እንደሚሆን ተመልክቷል፡፡ በፕሮጀክቱ ፍኖተ ካርታ መሠረት የታቀደውን ግብ ከማሳካት አንፃር  በዓለም አቀፍ፣ በአኅጉር አቀፍና በአገር አቀፍ ደረጃ በሚደረጉ የፕሮሞሽንና የማርኬቲንግ ሥራዎች አፈጻጸም የሚወሰን ይሆናል፡፡ የኩባንያው የካፒታል መጠን ስድስት ቢሊዮን ብር ነው፡፡ ከዚህ በላይ የተጠቀሰው ካፒታል እያንዳንዳቸው 20 ሺሕ ብር ዋጋ ባላቸው 300 ሺሕ ተራና የተመዘገቡ አክሲዮኖች የተከፋፈለ ነው፡፡ ዝቅተኛ የአክስዮን ብዛት አሥር ወይም 200,000 ብር ይሆናል፡፡ ማንኛውም ባለአክሲዮን ቢያንስ የካፒታሉን 60 በመቶ በቅድሚያ መክፈል፣ እንዲሁም ለሥራ ማስኬጃ የአገልግሎት ክፍያ አምስት በመቶ መክፈል ይጠበቅበታል፡፡

ኩባንያው በሰነዶች ምዝገባና ማረጋገጫ ኤጀንሲ በተመዘገበ በ24 ወራት ውስጥ በሁለት ጊዜ ክፍያ ይጠናቀቃል፡፡ አክሲዮን የሚሸጥላቸው የውጭ ዜግነት ያላቸው ትውልደ ኢትዮጵያዊያንና ሙሉ በሙሉ ኢትዮጵያዊያን የሆኑ ባለሀብቶች በጋራ፣ ትውልድ ኢትዮጵያዊ የውጭ አገር ዜግነት ያለቸው ግለሰቦች ወይም የውጭ ዜግነት ያላቸው ትውልደ ኢትዮጵያዊያንና ሙሉ በሙሉ ኢትዮጵያዊያን ባለቤትነት ለተቋቋሙ ድርጅቶች ይሆናል፡፡ በአጠቃላይ እያንዳንዳቸው 20,000 ብር የሚያወጡ 300,000 አክሲዮኖች፣ በጠቅላላው ስድስት ቢሊዮን ብር የሚያወጡ አክሲዮኖች ለሽያጭ ቀርበዋል፡፡ ሆኖም ኩባንያው በአጭር፣ በመካከለኛና በረዥም ጊዜ የባንክ አገልግሎት ሥራዎች ላይ እንደሚሰማራ በመታቀዱ፣ በብሔራዊ ባንክ መመርያ መሠረት ጠንካራ ጅማሮ እንዲኖረው ሲባል የተከፈለ ካፒታሉ አራት ቢሊዮን ብር ይሆናል፡፡ 

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ሰሎሞን ካሳ ማነው? Who is Solomon Kassa?

አንከር ሚዲያ እንደዘገበው .. ለማታውቁት ሰለሞን ካሳ ይባላል ., ወንጀለኛው የሆነው ይህ ሰው የህዝብ ድምፅ …

የአድዋ በአል በለንደን ከተማ በደማቅ ተከበረ

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  1. I would like to extend my sincere admiration to those who took it upon themselves to stay constantly involved in promoting Ethiopia at the world stage , while defending Ethiopia’s stands about the GERD hydroelectric power station issues , even if many times the Informations released in regards to this kinds of topics have a tendency to change depending on many reasons, such as the sources of the Informations or depending on when the new findings got presented since many times the released informations happen to loose validity as time goes on with new improvised actions are taken, that’s why it is so important to get updated from the Ethiopian Hospitality Mission which is currently said to be found in every part of the world . It is a proven fact that for a very long period of time, maybe even before Prince Rasselasa’s time who was the son of the then King Abyssinian empire who was known to practice synergy , since then the Ethiopian hospitality mission had managed to practice synergy around the world by tirelessly continuing to liberate many countries from the individuals tyrant’s who oppressed the people by preventing them.freedom which is essential for prosperity to reign, those people are at liberty now can freely access ample substantiated informations on a regular basis , same should be the case for the Egyptian people who had a proud rich history of nomadism even before the leadership times of Queen Neferneferuaten Nefertiti regularly traveling the areas currently called South Sudan and Sudan ,with the people of these countries now liberated from not being able to prosper by given the chance to be who they truly are as individuals and also as a whole people by the Ethiopian Hospitality mission it is the Egyptian people’s chance to be free also.

    As it had been witnessed not too.long ago while both the noble South Sudanese people and the noble Sudanese people , were successfully liberated from the tyrant Al B through the sacrifice made by the dedicated Ethiopian hospitality mission for the people of the noble South Sudanese and the noble Sudanese people who are currently very well in the process of achieving a fully dignified freedom by following the road map to prosperity proving to all about the current transition towards the inclusive prosperity through the synergy road map is currently put to the test and proven synergy is the way towards transitioning into prosperity for them.

    The Egyptian people are not doomed to stay in darkness while so many other countries across the board are liberated by the Ethiopian hospitality missions who currently are found spread across the globe in all coumtries of the world making Ethiopians the only nationalities to reside in all countries of the world at the same time being active in liberating those who are put down unfairly in whichever country they are as many data had indicated , that’s why all Egyptians should now feel reassured that the confident Ethiopian Hospitality mission has not forgotten them , to the contrary the Ethiopian hospitality mission who currently recognized the Egyptian people as one of the big missing piece in the synergy puzzle , to synergize the four countries namely Egypt , South Sudan , Sudan and Ethiopia on the road to prosperity the merging uniting of these four countries by becoming one strong prosperous country in all measures of prosperity including but not limited to prospering economically , the prospering of these four countries under the synergy prosperity brotherhood spirit into a one prosperous country seems a far cry for some but be assured it is inevitable if all people are given the ability to decide their own destiny freely , instead of continuing to remain as four different countries, the way forward is for these four countries to become four different states within one Prosperous Synergized with brotherhood country for the common good of all, even if currently many local economists in these four countries tend to differ with the idea of synergizing since most of these economists are fixated into just talking about other countries economic success story instead of prospering themselves economically by achieving economic prosperity for themselves , despite what these failed economists within the countries might say or not say , all the people of these four countries deep inside should strive to be free by cultivating their own economic know-how without being manipulated with the failed economists teachings since many of these failed economists do not even own a proper vehicle for themselves while they are too busy talking about others success , to get all these countries in the same page it is essential to adhere to the road of synergy , if one of these four countries is not free then it is safe to say that all four are not free also , with his lack of freedom one out of the four countries is experiencing having a negative impact on the Synergy Prosperity brotherhood medemer merger unity roadmap for all four, since synergy towards prosperity must include all four in the way forward no other option is there but for all to synergize and prosper together , there is only one and only one option present which is synergy , it is very important the people of these four countries come to terms with the only option left right now before more complicated agendas continue to arise which so far had shown the tendency of creating unnecessary confusions in many sensitive issues which will bring do many unforeseen outcomes unless they are treated properly , if left as is some of the issues are showing many signs of having the potential to get more and more complicated for unknown reasons , that’s why now is as good time as any to make it crystal clear to all that the exact roadmap in regards to what has been brewing up by the Ethiopian hospitality mission can be made a reality with the people of the all four countries exercising freedom along with the synergy prosperity hard work habit .

    Inorder to make sure nomore derailed dialogue continues it is time for the Egyptian people to reciprocate with the South Sudanese , with the Sudanese and last but not least with the Ethiopian people , by being true to themselves and others about themselves while practicing the process of synergizing under Prosperity brotherhood umbrella right after taking urgently needed necessary measures that had prevented the Egyptian to freely engage in their own affairs of deciding the roadmap all Egyptians are presented with but shielded from grasping the opportunity to decide freely on which road they want to travel towards the light, so the people can freely step into the light where synergy can fully flourish all over in Egyptian people’s day to day life without any restricting power imposed on the Egyptian people preventing all Egyptian people from stepping into the light from the darkness they are being held captive in , it is just a matter of time since it is bound to happen sooner or later ,currently it is up to the people of Egypt to follow the exemplary role set forth by the noble South Sudanese people and the noble Sudanese people by making the Ethiopian hospitality mission succeed in solving the puzzle which seemed to have gone awry for quiet sometime for lack of economists that are tested by practice instead of just talking about others while they themsrlves donot even have a nice private car , these talk only with no action exhibited by the economic “elites” who continuously undermined the Ethiopian hospitality mission along with the wisdom of many well experienced engineering professionals who had conducted many feasibility studies for many many decades in regards to how to conduct projects by relying on scientifically proven facts rather than acting as the economists ‘elites” talk which they have learnt by simply who looking at others success just to report about it day in and day out as trying to imitate others success story without giving the full consideration to the fire situation which had been under professionally respected engineers scope of study for decades by the professionals spending a lifetime of monitoring in the area by performing feasible engineering studies non stop for decades . These engineers were failed by the economists doctors who illegally neglected the inputs of the qualified engineers during the execution period of this mega projects by not following proper protocol resulting in having the potential for the GERD vision to fail with tremendous losses incurred by the Ethiopian Commercial Bank who granted more than half the cost of these Gerd mega project by providing huge sums of loans for the GERD construction mega project without the bank customers along with the public not being made aware of the loan , the economist doctors of the country approved it , by until now continuing to defend their actions as if it was the correct action to be taken since they are doctors who spent years studying economics.

    https://www.capitalethiopia.com/capital/prime-minister-abiy-ahmeds-new-book-medemer-synergy/

    capitalethiopia › Local News
    Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed’s new book ‘Medemer’ (synergy) – Capital …

    ሱዳናውያን የታላቁ ሕዳሴ ግድብ ግንባታን በገንዘብ እንደሚደግፉ ገለጹ :;

    https://www.ethiopianregistrar.com/amharic/archives/75743?unapproved=79737&moderation-hash=dc495df1307d3d3958dd21f5b47958f9#comment-79737

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